What is caprylic acid?

Caprylic acid, also known as octanoic acid, is a saturated medium-chain fatty acid with eight carbon atoms.

It occurs naturally in coconut oil, where it makes up around 6 to 10% of its fatty acids. It is also found in palm kernel oil, goat’s milk and human breast milk.

Medium-chain fatty acids differ structurally and metabolically from the long-chain fats found in most dietary fats.

Your body absorbs medium-chain fatty acids directly into the portal bloodstream. They therefore bypass much of the lymphatic transport process required for longer-chain fats.

Medium-chain fatty acids can also enter mitochondria without relying on the carnitine shuttle. This allows your body to convert them into energy relatively quickly.

Gut microbial balance and antimicrobial properties

Caprylic acid is known for its antimicrobial properties and has been studied for its potential role in supporting a balanced gut environment.

Research has shown that caprylic acid can disrupt the cell membranes of certain yeasts and bacteria. This includes Candida albicans, a yeast that naturally occurs in the human gut.

Under certain conditions, Candida can multiply excessively and contribute to an imbalance in the gut microbial environment. Research suggests caprylic acid may help limit the growth of certain Candida species.

These properties have made caprylic acid a popular ingredient in gut health supplements. It is sometimes combined with oregano oil, berberine containing herbs and probiotics.

However, much of the available evidence comes from laboratory studies. More human research is needed to establish its effects on the gut microbiome.

Rapid energy production

Caprylic acid and other medium-chain fatty acids provide a rapidly available source of energy. Your body processes them differently from longer-chain fatty acids.

After absorption, caprylic acid travels directly to your liver. There, it can be converted into ketone bodies, an alternative fuel source to glucose.

Your brain, heart and muscles can use ketones for energy. This rapid conversion helps explain the interest in medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oils as an energy source.

MCT oils typically contain a blend of caprylic acid and capric acid. They are particularly popular among people following lower-carbohydrate diets, where ketone production can increase.

Using caprylic acid

Caprylic acid is commonly available as part of an MCT oil blend or as a standalone supplement.

Capsule supplements may contain caprylic acid alongside other ingredients used to support gut health. Coconut oil also provides caprylic acid alongside other medium-chain fats, including lauric and capric acid.

If you’re taking caprylic acid for gut health, follow the dosage instructions for your chosen product. It may also be included alongside dietary changes and probiotic supplements.

Caprylic acid is generally well tolerated when used as directed. Higher amounts of MCT oil can sometimes cause digestive discomfort.

If you’re new to MCT supplementation, starting with a smaller amount and gradually increasing it may help your body adjust.